What Is Parkinson’s Disease? Symptoms, Causes, and Early Warning Signs

 

Parkinson’s disease is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. It primarily affects movement and is caused by the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. This condition tends to worsen over time, making early detection and proper medical care crucial.

If you or someone you know is showing signs of Parkinson’s, understanding the disease and seeking professional help early can make a significant difference in managing it effectively.



Key Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease

Symptoms of Parkinson’s disease usually begin gradually and become more noticeable as the condition progresses. They are grouped into motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms:

Motor Symptoms

  • Tremors: Often begins in the hand or fingers, especially when at rest.

  • Bradykinesia: Slowness of movement, making everyday tasks harder to complete.

  • Muscle rigidity: Stiffness in the limbs or trunk, limiting range of motion.

  • Postural instability: Impaired balance and coordination, increasing the risk of falls.

  • Gait changes: Shuffling walk, reduced arm swing, or dragging of feet.

Non-Motor Symptoms

  • Depression or anxiety

  • Sleep disturbances

  • Constipation

  • Fatigue

  • Loss of sense of smell

  • Cognitive decline in later stages

Early Warning Signs to Watch For

Early symptoms of Parkinson’s can be subtle and easy to overlook. Here are some early indicators:

  • Slight shaking or tremor in a finger, thumb, or chin

  • Handwriting changes—letters may appear smaller and more crowded

  • Trouble sleeping or acting out dreams

  • Stiffness in arms or legs that doesn’t go away

  • Voice becoming softer or hoarse

  • Reduced facial expressions (known as "masked face")

  • Feeling dizzy or faint when standing up (due to low blood pressure)

If you recognize any of these signs, it’s important to consult a neurologist for a proper evaluation.

What Causes Parkinson’s Disease?

The exact cause of Parkinson’s remains unknown, but several factors are believed to contribute:

  • Genetic Mutations: Some rare genetic changes are linked to Parkinson’s.

  • Environmental Toxins: Long-term exposure to herbicides and pesticides may increase risk.

  • Age and Gender: Most cases occur after age 60, and men are slightly more likely to develop it.

  • Head Trauma: Repeated blows to the head (as seen in some contact sports) may increase risk.

How Parkinson’s Is Diagnosed

There is no single test to diagnose Parkinson’s disease. Diagnosis is typically based on a detailed medical history, a physical and neurological examination, and the observation of symptoms over time.

Sometimes, imaging tests like MRI or DaTscan are used to rule out other conditions.

Treatment Options

While there’s currently no cure for Parkinson’s, several treatments can help control symptoms:

  • Medications: Such as Levodopa, dopamine agonists, and MAO-B inhibitors.

  • Lifestyle Changes: Regular exercise, a balanced diet, and physical therapy.

  • Speech and Occupational Therapy: To improve communication and daily functioning.

  • Surgical Options: In advanced cases, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) may be considered.

Where to Get Expert Care

If you’re experiencing symptoms of Parkinson’s or seeking a second opinion, it's essential to choose a trusted and experienced medical team.

At Shri Balaji Aarogyam Hospital, we offer specialized neurological care with advanced diagnostic tools and personalized treatment plans. Whether you're in the early stages or managing long-term symptoms, our dedicated team, including the best neurologist in Kurukshetra, is here to help you live a better life.

For expert care and compassionate support, visit Shri Balaji Aarogyam Hospital—where your health is our priority.


Location: Behind Old Bus Stand, Jyoti Nagar, Kurukshetra, Haryana 136118, India

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